From mccabes.com.au: The High Court’s decision in Kramer v Stone clarified the principles of proprietary estoppel.

A clear promise and reasonable reliance by the promisee are essential for establishing an estoppel by encouragement.

The Court ruled that further encouragement or actual knowledge of the promisee’s reliance is not required for the estoppel to apply.

This ruling highlights the importance of making clear promises regarding asset distribution and the potential legal consequences of informal commitments.